2013年8月3日星期六

pure sine wave inverter

Electric offers a full array of Rugged Pure Sinewave DC-AC Inverter Systems to suit any commercial, industrial, or military application, including those that require Inverters which can withstand Military Environmental and Electrical Standards such as MIL-STD-810, MIL-STD-901, MIL-STD-167, MIL-STD1399, MIL-STD-461, and more. These Rugged Pure Sinewave DC-AC Inverter Systems are available in rack mount, freestanding or wall-mount NEMA cabinet, and custom enclosure configurations to suit applications with tight space constraints. Any standard nominal DC input voltage from 12 to 600 VDC is available, and any standard single or three-phase AC output can be provided, in 50, 60, or 400 Hz frequencies. Finally, all Nova Electric Rugged Pure Sinewave DC-AC Inverter Systems feature our truly Rugged Inverter modular design and robust construction, for many years of reliable performance, as well as the resulting low MTTR, MTBF, and Cost-To-Own figures.

A solar inverter, or PV inverter, converts the variable direct current (DC) output of a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel into autility frequency alternating current (AC) that can be fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a local, off-grid electrical network. It is a critical component in a photovoltaic system, allowing the use of ordinary commercial appliances. Solar inverters have special functions adapted for use with photovoltaic arrays, including maximum power point tracking and anti-islandingprotection.

Solar inverters may be classified into three broad types.

    Stand-alone inverters, used in isolated systems where the inverter draws its DC energy from batteries charged by photovoltaic arrays. Many stand-alone inverters also incorporate integral battery chargers to replenish the battery from an AC source, when available. Normally these do not interface in any way with the utility grid, and as such, are not required to haveanti-islanding protection.

    Grid-tie inverters, which match phase with a utility-supplied sine wave. Grid-tie inverters are designed to shut down automatically upon loss of utility supply, for safety reasons. They do not provide backup power during utility outages.

    Battery backup inverters, are special inverters which are designed to draw energy from a battery, manage the battery charge via an onboard charger, and export excess energy to the utility grid. These inverters are capable of supplying AC energy to selected loads during a utility outage, and are required to have anti-islanding protection.
    Solar inverters use maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to get the maximum possible power from the PV array,such as pure sine wave inverter.Solar cells have a complex relationship between solar irradiation, temperature and total resistance that produces a non-linear output efficiency known as the I-V curve. It is the purpose of the MPPT system to sample the output of the cells and determine a resistance (load) to obtain maximum power for any given environmental conditions. Essentially, this defines the current that the inverter should draw from the PV in order to get the maximum possible power (since power equals voltage times current).
    The fill factor, more commonly known by its abbreviation FF, is a parameter which, in conjunction with the open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the panel, determines the maximum power from a solar cell. Fill factor is defined as the ratio of the maximum power from the solar cell to the product of Voc and Isc.
    There are three main types of MPPT algorithms: perturb-and-observe, incremental conductance and constant voltage. The first two methods are often referred to as hill climbing methods; they rely on the curve of power plotted against voltage rising to the left of the maximum power point, and falling on the right.

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